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Compliance Director Career Guide and CounselingWe can help you connect with ministry contacts who can provide more information about compliance director career streams, and who are knowledgeable about current and future hiring needs and compliance director career development in these areas. Contact us to find out more about compliance director career path, compliance director career planning, compliance director career assessment and compliance director career choices. what compliance director career opportunities may be just around the corner and how you can build a satisfying future. Question: How many days will you take off from work/school if Obama wins? If Barack Obama ends up becoming President, I figure there can be no better honor than simply taking off from work or school. After all, the best honors we can give our leaders is to be as lazy as possible. So how many days are you thinking of taking off?
Also, this will be a great excuse for some of our friends who so far have had 100 grandmothers die, 34 strep throats, some important holiday like Marcus Garvey Day to take off, and the all important "Will Smith Convention" in DC to attend- all as excuses not to go to work or school
What better excuse to not go to work or school than the occasion of the first black president entering office? I say, take off a month. If your boss complains, accuse him of racial insensitivity and have him sent to the local sensitivity training office by your local racial sensitivity compliance director and/or the NAACP.
Remember folks, resistance is futile. Conformity is your key to success. Question: Give me your opinion insights and summary or how you understand this..? CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article One
Basic Air Quality Policies
SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999".
SECTION 2. Declaration of Principles. - The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
The State shall promote and protect the global environment to attain sustainable development while recognizing the primary responsibility of local government units to deal with environmental problems.
The State recognizes that the responsibility of cleaning the habitat and environment is primarily area-based.
The State also recognizes the principle that "polluters must pay".
Finally, the State recognizes that a clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and should therefore be the concern of all.
SECTION 3. Declaration of Policies. - The State shall pursue a policy of balancing development and environmental protection. To achieve this end, the frame work for sustainable development shall be pursued. It shall be the policy of the State to:
a. Formulate a holistic national program of air pollution management that shall be implemented by the government through proper delegation and effective coordination of functions and activities;
b. Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among citizens and industries through the application of market-based instruments;
c. Focus primarily on pollution prevention rather than on control and provide for a comprehensive management program for air pollution;
d. Promote public information and education and to encourage the participation of an informed and active public in air quality planning and monitoring; and
e. Formulate and enforce a system of accountability for short and long-term adverse environmental impact of a project, program or activity. This shall include the setting up of a funding or guarantee mechanism for clean-up and environmental rehabilitation and compensation for personal damages.
SECTION 4. Recognition of Rights. - Pursuant to the above-declared principles, the following rights of citizens are hereby sought to be recognized and the State shall seek to guarantee the enjoyment:
a. The right to breathe clean air;
b. The right to utilize and enjoy all natural resources according to the principles of sustainable development;
c. The right to participate in the formulation, planning, implementation and monitoring of environmental policies and programs and in the decision-making process;
d. The right to participate in the decision-making process concerning development policies, plans and programs projects or activities that may have adverse impact on the environment and public health;
e. The right to be informed of the nature and extent of the potential hazard of any activity, undertaking or project and to be served timely notice of any significant rise in the level of pollution and the accidental or deliberate release into the atmosphere of harmful or hazardous substances;
f. The right of access to public records which a citizen may need to exercise his or her rights effectively under this Act;
g. The right to bring action in court or quasi-judicial bodies to enjoin all activities in violation of environmental laws and regulations, to compel the rehabilitation and cleanup of affected area, and to seek the imposition of penal sanctions against violators of environmental laws;and
h. The right to bring action in court for compensation of personal damages resulting from the adverse environmental and public health impact of a project or activity.
Article Two
Definition of Terms
SECTION 5. -Definitions.- As used in this Act:
a.) "Air pollutant" means any matter found in the atmosphere other than oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and the inert gases in their natural or normal concentrations, that is detrimental to health or the environment, which includes but not limited to smoke, dust, soot, cinders, fly ash, solid particles of any king, gases, fumes, chemical mists, steam and radioactive substances;
b.) "Air pollution" means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the atmospheric air, or any discharge thereto of any liquid, gaseous or solid substances that will or is likely to create or to render the air resources of the country harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public health, safety or welfare or which will adversely affect their utilization for domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or other legitimate purposes;
c.) "Ambient air quality guideline values" means the concentration of air over specified periods classified as short-term and long-term which are intended to serve as goals or objectives for the protection of health and/or public welfare. These values shall be used for air quality management purposes such as determining time trends, evaluating stages of deterioration or enhancement o the air quality, and in general, used as basis or taking positive action in preventing, controlling, or abating air pollution;
d.) "Ambient air quality" means the general amount of pollution present in a broad area; and refers to the atmosphere's average purity as distinguished from discharge measurements taken at the source of pollution;
e.) "Certificate of Conformity" means a certificate issued by the Department o Environment and Natural Resources to a vehicle manufacturer/assembler or importer certifying that a particular new vehicle or vehicle type meets the requirements provided under this Act and its rules and regulations;
f.) "Department" means the Department of Environment and Natural Resources;
g.)" Eco-profile" means the geographic-based instrument for planners and decision makers which present an evaluation of the environment quality and carrying capacity of an area. It is the result of the integration of primary data and information on natural resources and antropogenic activities on the land which evaluated by various environmental risk assessment and forecasting methodologies that enable the Department to anticipate the type of development control necessary in the planning area.
h.)" Emission" means any air contaminant, pollutant, gas stream or unwanted sound from a known source which is passed into the atmosphere;
i.) " Greenhouse gases" means those gases that can potentially or can reasonably be expected to induce global warming, which include carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, chloroflourocarbons, and the like;
j.) "Hazardous substances" means those substances which present either : (1) short-term acute hazards such as acute toxicity by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or eye contact hazard or the risk of fire explosion; or (2) long-term toxicity upon repeated exposure, carcinogecity (which in some cases result in acute exposure but with a long latent period), resistance to detoxification process such as biodegradation, the potential to pollute underground or surface waters;
k.)" Infectious waste " means that portion of medical waste that could transmit an infectious disease;
l.)" Medical waste" means that materials generated as a result of patient diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals;
m.) " Mobile source" means any vehicle propelled by or thorough combustion of carbon-based or other fuel, constructed and operated principally for the conveyance of persons or the transportation of property goods;
n.) " Motor vehicle" means any vehicle propelled by a gasoline or diesel engine or by any means other than human or animal power, constructed and operated principally for the conveyance of persons or the transportation of property or goods in a public highway or street open to public use;
o.) " Municipal waste" means the waste materials generated from communities within a specific locality;
p)." New vehicle" means a vehicle constructed entirely from new parts that has never been sold or registered with the DOTC or with the appropriate agency or authority, and operated on the highways of the Philippines, any foreign state of country;
q.) " Octane Rating or the Anti-Knock Index(AKI)" means the rating of the anti-knock characteristics of a grade or type of automotive gasoline as determined by dividing by two (2) the sum of the Research Octane Number (RON), plus the Motor Octane Number (MON); the octane requirement, with respect to automotive gasoline for use in a motor vehicle or a class thereof , whether imported, manufactured, or assembled by a manufacturer, shall refer to the minimum octane rating of such automotive gasoline which such manufacturer recommends for the efficient operation of such motor vehicle, or a substantial portion of such class, without knocking;
r.) " Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS)" means those substances that significantly deplete or otherwise modify the ozone layer in a manner that is likely to result in adverse effects of human health and the environment such as , but not limited to , chloroflourocarbons, halons and the like;
s.) "Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)" means the organic compounds that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food web, and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. These compounds resist photolytic, chemical and biological degradation, which shall include but not be limited to dioxin, furan, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, such as aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, hexachlorobenzene, lindane, toxaphere and chlordane;
t.) "Poisonous and toxic fumes" means any emissions and fumes which are beyond internationally-accepted standards, including but not limited to the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values;
u. " Pollution control device " means any device or apparatus used to prevent, control or abate the pollution of air caused by emissions from identified pollution sources at levels within the air pollution control standards established by the Department;
v.) " Pollution control technology" means the pollution control devices, production process, fuel combustion processes or other means that effectively prevent or reduce emissions or effluent;
w.) " Standard of performance " means a standard for emissions of air pollutant which reflects the degree of emission limitation achievable through the application of the best system of emission reduction, taking into account the cost of achieving such reduction and any non-air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirement which the Department determines, and adequately demonstrates; and
x.) " Stationary source" means any building or immobile structure, facility or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant.
CHAPTER 2
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Article One
General Provisions
SEC. 6. Air Quality Monitoring and Information Network - The Department shall prepare an annual National Air Quality Status Report which shall be used as the basis in formulating the Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework, as provided for in Sec. 7. The said report shall include, but shall not be limited to the following:
a.) Extent of pollution in the country, per type of pollutant and per type of source, based on reports of the Department's monitoring stations;
b.) Analysis and evaluation of the current state, trends and projections of air pollution at the various levels provided herein;
c.) Identification of critical areas, activities, or projects which will need closer monitoring or regulation;
d.) Recommendations for necessary executive and legislative action; and
e.) Other pertinent qualitative and quantitative information concerning the extent of air pollution and the air quality performance rating of industries in the country.
The Department, in cooperation with the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), shall design and develop an information network for data storage, retrieval and exchange.
The Department shall serve as the central depository of all data and information related to air quality.
SEC. 7. Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework.- The Department shall within six (6) months after the effectivity of this Act, establish, with the participation of LGUs, NGOs, POs, the academe and other concerned entities from the private sector, formulate and implement the Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework for a comprehensive air pollution management and control program. The framework shall, among others, prescribe the emission reduction goals using permissible standards, control strategies and control measures to undertaken within a specified time period, including cost-effective use of economic incentives, managements strategies, collective actions, and environmental education and information.
The Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework shall be adopted as the official blueprint with which all government agencies must comply with to attain and maintain ambient air quality standards.
SEC. 8 Air Quality Control Action Plan- Within six (6) months after the formulation of the framework, the Department shall, with public participation, formulate and implement an air quality control action plan consistent with Sec. 7 of this Act. The action plan shall :
a.) Include enforceable emission limitations and other control measures, means or techniques, as well as schedules and time tables for compliance, as may be necessary or appropriate to meet the applicable requirements of this Act;
b.) Provide for the establishment and operation of appropriate devices, methods, systems and procedures necessary to monitor, compile and analyze data on ambient air quality;
c.) Include a program to provide for the following : (1) enforcement of the measures described in subparagraph (a);(2) regulation of the modification and construction of any stationary source within the areas covered by the plan, in accordance with land use policy to ensure that ambient air quality standards are achieved;
d). Contain adequate provisions, consistent with the provisions of this Act, prohibiting any source or other types of emissions activity within the country from emitting any air pollutant in amounts which will significantly contribute to the non-attainment or will interfere with the maintenance by the Department of any such ambient air quality standard required to be included in the implementation plan to prevent significant deterioration of air quality or to protect visibility;
e.) Include control strategies and control measures to be undertaken within a specified time period, including cost effective use of economic incentives, management strategies, collection action and environmental education and information;
f.) Designate airsheds; and
g.)All other measures necessary for the effective control and abatement of air pollution.
The adoption of the plan shall clarify the legal effects on the financial, manpower and budgetary resources of the affected government agencies, and on the alignment of their programs with the plans.
In addition to direct regulations, the plan shall be characterized by a participatory approach to the pollution problem. The involvement of private entities in the monitoring and testing of emissions from mobile and/or stationary sources shall be considered.
Likewise, the LGU's, with the assistance from the Department, shall prepare and develop an action plan consistent with the Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework to attain and maintain the ambient air quality standards with their respective airsheds as provided in Sec. 9 hereof.
The local government units shall develop and submit to the Department as procedure for carrying out the action plan for their jurisdiction. The Department, however, shall maintain its authority to independently inspect the enforcement procedure adopted. The Department shall have the power to closely supervise all or parts of the air quality action plan until such time the local government unit concerned can assume the function to enforce the standards set by the Department.
A multi-sectoral monitoring team with broad public representation shall be convened by the Department for each LGU to conduct periodic inspections of air pollution sources to assess compliance with emission limitations contained in their permits.
SEC. 9 Airsheds. - Pursuant to Sec. 8 of this Act, the designation of airsheds shall be on the basis of, but not limited to, areas with similar climate, meteorology and topology which affect the interchange and diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere, or areas which share common interest or face similar development programs, prospects or problems.
For a more effective air quality management, a system of planning and coordination shall be established and a common action plan shall be formulated for each airshed.
To effectively carry out the formulated actions plans, a Governing Board is hereby created, hereinafter referred to as the Board.
The Board shall be headed by the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources as chairman. The members shall be as follows:
a.) Provincial Governors from areas belonging to the airshed;
b.) City/Municipal Mayors from areas belonging to the airshed;
c.) A representative from each concerned government agency;
d.) Representatives from people's organizations;
e.) Representatives from non-government organizations; and
f.) Representatives from the private sector.
The Board shall perform the following functions:
a.) Formulation of policies;
b.) Preparation of a common action plan;
c.) Coordination of functions among its members; and
d.) Submission and publication of an annual Air Quality Status Report for each airshed.
Upon consultation with appropriate local government authorities, the Department shall, from time to time, revise the designation of airsheds utilizing eco-profiling techniques and undertaking scientific studies.
Emissions trading may be allowed among pollution sources within an airshed.
SEC. 10. Management of Nonattainment Areas.- The Department shall designate areas where specific pollutants have already exceeded ambient standards as nonattainment areas. The Department shall prepare and implement a program that will prohibit new sources of exceeded air pollutant without a corresponding reduction in existing resources.
In coordination with other appropriate government agencies, the LGUs shall prepare and implement a program and other measures including relocation, whenever necessary, to protect the health and welfare of residents in the area.
For those designated as nonattainment areas, the Department, after consultation with local government authorities, nongovernment organizations (NGOs), people's organizations (POs) and concerned sectors may revise the designation of such areas and expand its coverage to cover larger areas depending on the condition of the areas.
SEC. 11 Air Quality Control Techniques - Simultaneous with the issuance of the guideline values and standards, the Department, through the research and development program contained in this Act and upon consultation with appropriate advisory committees, government agencies and LGUs, shall issue, and from time to time, revise information on air pollution control techniques. Such information shall include:
a.) Best available technology and alternative methods of prevention, management and control of air pollution;
b.) Best available technology economically achievable which shall refer to the technological basis/standards for emission limits applicable to existing, direct industrial emitters of nonconventional and toxic pollutants; and
c.) Alternative fuels, processes and operating methods which will result in the eliminator or significant reduction of emissions.
Such information may also include data relating to the cost of installation and operation, energy requirements, emission reduction benefits, and environmental impact or the emission control technology.
The issuance of air quality guideline values, standards and information on air quality control techniques shall be made available to the general public : Provided, That the issuance of information on air quality control techniques shall not be construed as requiring the purchase of certain pollution control devices by the public.
SECTION 12. Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values and Standards.- The Department, in coordination with other concerned agencies, shall review and or revise and publish annually a list of hazardous air pollutants with corresponding ambient guideline values and / or standard necessary to protect health and safety, and general welfare. The initial list and values of the hazardous air pollutants shall be as follows :
a.) For National Ambient Air Quality Guideline for Criteria Pollutants :
Short Term a
Long Term b
Pollutants µg/Ncm ppm Averaging Time µg/Ncm ppm Averaging Time
Suspended Particulate Matterc-TSP 230d 24 hours 90 -- 1 yeare
-PM-10 150f 24 hours 60 -- 1 yeare
Sulfur Dioxidec 180 0.07 24 hours 80 0.03 1 year
Nitrogen Dioxide 150 0.08 24 hours -- -- --
Photochemical Oxidants 140 0.07 1 hour -- -- ---
As Ozone 60 0.03 8 hours -- -- --
Carbon Monoxide 35 30 1 hour -- -- --
mg/Ncm
10 9 8 hours -- -- --
mg/Ncm
Leadg 1.5 -- 3 monthsg 1.0 -- 1 year
a.Maximum limits represented by ninety-eight percentile (98%) values not to be exceed more than once a year.
b. Arithmetic mean
c. SO2 and Suspended Particulate matter are sampled once every six days when using the manual methods. A minimum of twelve sampling days per quarter of forty-eight sampling days each year is required for these methods. Daily sampling may be done in the future once continuous analyzers are procured and become available.
d. Limits for Total Suspended Particulate Matter with mass median diameter less than 25-50 um.
e. Annual Geometric Mean
f. Provisional limits for Suspended Particulate Matter with mass median diameter less than 10 microns and below until sufficient monitoring data are gathered to base a proper guideline.
g. Evaluation of this guideline is carried out for 24-hour averaging time and averaged over three moving calendar months. The monitored average value for any three months shall not exceed the guideline value.
b) For National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants from :
Industrial Sources/ Operations:
Pollutants1
Concentration2
Averaging time (min.)
Method of Analysis/ Measurement3
µ/Ncm ppm
1. Ammonia 200 0.28 30 Nesselerization/ Indo Phenol
2. Carbon Disulfide 30 0.01 30 Tischer Method
3. Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds expressed as Cl2 100 0.03 5 Methyl Orange
4. Formaldehyde 50 0.04 30 Chromotropic acid Method or MBTH Colorimetric Method
5. Hydrogen Chloride 200 0.13 30 Volhard Titration with Iodine Solution
6. Hydrogen Sulfide 100 0.07 30 Methylene Blue
7. Lead 20 30 AASc
8. Nitrogen Dioxide 375,260 0.20,0.14 30,60 Greiss- Saltzman
9. Phenol 100 0.03 30 4-Aminoantiphyrine
10. Sulfur Dioxide 470, 340 0.18, 0.13 30,60 Colorimetric-Pararosaniline
11. Suspended Particulate
Matter-TSP 300 -- 60 Gravimetric
1 Pertinent ambient standards for Antimony, Arsenic, Cadmium, Asbestos, Nitric Acid and Sulfuric Acid Mists in the 1978 NPCC Rules and Regulations may be considered as guides in determining compliance.
2 Ninety- eight percentile (98%) values of 30-minute sampling measured at 250C and one atmosphere pressure.
3 Other equivalent methods approved by the Department may be used.
The basis in setting up the ambient air quality guideline values and standards shall reflect, among others, the latest scientific knowledge including information on :
a) Variable, including atmospheric conditions, which of themselves or in combination with other factors may alter the effects on public health or welfare of such air pollutant;
b) The other types of air pollutants which may interact with such pollutant to produce an adverse effect on public health or welfare; and
c) The kind and extent of all identifiable effects on public health or welfare which may be expected from presence of such pollutant in the ambient air, in varying quantities.
The Department shall base such ambient air quality standards on World Health Organization (WHO) standards, but shall not be limited to nor be less stringent than such standards.
SEC. 13. Emission Charge System. - The Department, in case of industrial dischargers, and the Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC), in case of motor vehicle dischargers, shall, based on environmental techniques, design, impose on and collect regular emission fees from said dischargers as part of the emission permitting system or vehicle registration renewal system, as the case may be. The system shall encourage the industries and motor vehicles to abate, reduce, or prevent pollution. The basis of the fees include, but is not limited to, the volume and toxicity of any emitted pollutant. Industries, which shall install pollution control devices or retrofit their existing facilities with mechanisms that reduce pollution shall be entitled to tax incentives such as but not limited total credits and/or accelerated depreciation deductions.
SEC. 14 Air Quality Management Fund. - An Air Quality Management Fund to be administered by the Department as a special account in the National Treasury is hereby established to finance containment, removal, and clean-up operations of the Government in air pollution cases, guarantee restoration of ecosystems and rehabilitate areas affected by the acts of violators of this Act, to support research, enforcement and monitoring activities and capabilities of the relevant agencies, as well as to provide technical assistance to the relevant agencies. Such fund may likewise be allocated per airshed for the undertakings herein stated.
The Fund shall be sourced from the fines imposed and damages awarded to the Republic of the Philippines by the Pollution Adjudication Board (PAB), proceeds of licenses and permits issued by the Department under this Act, emission fees and from donations, endowments and grants in the forms of contributions. Contributions to the Fund shall be exempted from donor taxes and all other taxes, charges or fees imposed by the Government.
SEC. 15. Air Pollution Research and Development Program. - The Department, in coordination with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), other agencies, the private sector, the academe, NGO's and PO's, shall establish a National Research and Development Program for the prevention and control of air pollution. The Department shall give special emphasis to research on and the development of improved methods having industry-wide application for the prevention and control of air pollution.
Such a research and development program shall develop air quality guideline values and standards in addition to internationally-accepted standards. It shall also consider the socio-cultural, political and economic implications of air quality management and pollution control.
ARTICLE TWO
Air Pollution Clearances and Permits for Stationary Sources
Sec. 16. Permits. Consistent with the provisions of this Act, the Department shall have the authority to issue permits as it may determine necessary for the prevention and abatement of air pollution.
Said permits shall cover emission limitations for the regulated air pollutants to help attain and maintain the ambient air quality standards. These permits shall serve as management tools for the LGUs in the development of their action plan.
SEC. 17 Emission Quotas. The Department may allow each regional industrial center that is designated as special airshed to allocate emission quotas to pollution sources within its jurisdiction that qualify under an environmental impact assessment system programmatic compliance program pursuant to the implementing rules and regulations of Presidential Decree No. 1586.
SEC. 18. Financial Liability for Environmental Rehabilitation. As Part of the environmental management plan attached to the environmental compliance certificate pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1586 and rules and regulations set therefore, the Department shall require program and project proponents to put up financial guarantee mechanisms to finance the needs for emergency response, clean-up rehabilitation of areas that may be damaged during the program or project's actual implementation. Liability for damages shall continue even after the termination of a program or project, where such damages are clearly attributable to that program or project and for a definite period to be determined by the Department and incorporated into the environmental compliance certificate.
Financial liability instruments may be in the form a trust fund, environmental insurance, surety bonds, letters of credit, as well as self-insurance. The choice of the guarantee instruments shall furnish the Department with evidence of availment of such instruments.
ARTICLE THREE
Pollution from Stationary Sources
SEC. 19. Pollution From Stationary Sources.- The Department shall, within two (2) years from the effectivity of this Act, and every two (2) years thereafter, review, or as the need therefore arises, revise and publish emission standards, to further improve the emission standards for stationary sources of air pollution. Such emission standards shall be based on mass rate of emission for all stationary source of air pollution based on internationally accepted standards, but not be limited to, nor be less stringent than such standards and with the standards set forth in this section. The standards, whichever is applicable, shall be the limit on the acceptable level of pollutants emitted from a stationary source for the protection of the public's health and welfare.
With respect to any trade, industry, process and fuel-burning equipment or industrial plant emitting air pollutants, the concentration at the point of emission shall not exceed the following limits:
Pollutants
Standard Applicable to Source
Maximum Permissible Limits (mg/Ncm)
Method of Analysisa
1. Antimony and Its compounds any source 10 as Sb AASb
2. Arsenic and its compounds Any source 10 as As AASb
3. Cadmium and its compounds Any source 10 as Cd AASb
4. Carbon Monoxide Any industrial Source 500 as CO Orsat analysis
5. Copper and its Compounds Any industrial source 100 ax Cu AASb
6. Hydrofluoric Acids and Fluoride compounds Any source other than the manufacture of Aluminum from Alumina 50 as HF Titration with Ammonium Thiocyanate
7. Hydrogen Sulfide i) Geothermal Power Plants c.d Cadmium Sulfide Method
ii) Geothermal Exploration and well-testing e
iii) Any source other than (i) and (ii) 7 as H2S Cadmium Sulfide Method
8. Lead Any trade, industry or process 10 as Pb AASb
9. Mercury Any Source 5 as elemental Hg AASb/Cold-Vapor Technique or Hg Analyzer
10. Nickel and its compounds, except Nickel Carbonyl f Any source 20 as Ni AASb
11. NOx i) Manufacture of Nitric Acid 2,000 as acid and NOx and calculated as NO2 Phenol-disulfonic acid Method
ii) Fuel burning steam generators Phenol-disulfonic acid Method
Existing Source 1,500 as NO2
New Source
• Coal-Fired 1,000 as NO2
• Oil-Fired 500 as NO2
iii) Any source other than (i) adn (ii) Phenol-disulfonic acid Method
Existing Source 1000 as NO2
New Source 500 as NO2
12. Phosphorus Pentoxideg Any source 200 as P2O5 Spectrophotometry
13. Zinc and its Compounds Any source 100 as Zn AASb
a Other equivalent methods approved by the Department may be used.
b Atomic Absorption Specttrophotometry
c All new geothermal power plants starting construction by 01 January 1995 shall control HsS emissions to not more than 150 g/GMW-Hr
d All existing geothermal power plants shall control HsS emissions to not more than 200 g/GMW-Hr within 5 years from the date of effectivity of these revised regulations.
e Best practicable control technology for air emissions and liquid discharges. Compliance with air and water quality standards is required.
f Emission limit of Nickel Carbonyl shall not exceed 0.5 mg/Ncm.
g Provisional Guideline
Provided, that the maximum limits in mg/ncm particulates in said sources shall be :
1. Fuel Burning Equipment
a) Urban or Industrial Area 150 mg/Ncm
b) Other Area 200 mg/Ncm
2. Cement Plants (Kilns, etc.) 150 mg/Ncm
3. Smelting Furnaces 150 mg/Ncm
4. Other Stationary Sourcesa 200 mg/Ncm
a Other Stationary Sources means a trade, process, industrial plant, or fuel burning equipment other than thermal power plants, industrial boilers, cement plants, incinerators and smelting furnaces.
Provided, further, that the maximum limits for sulfur oxides in said sources shall be :
(1) Existing Sources
(i) Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid and Sulf(on)ation Process 2.0gm.Ncm as SO3
(ii) Fuel burning Equipment 1.5gm.Ncm as SO2
(iii) Other Stationary Sourcesa 1.0gm.Ncm as SO3
(2) New Sources
(i) Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid and Sulf(on)ation Process 1.5 gm.Ncm as SO3
(ii) Fuel Burning Equipment 0.7 gm.Ncm as SO2
(iii) Other Stationary Sourcesa 0.2 gm.Ncm as SO3
a Other Stationary Sources refer to existing and new stationary sources other than those caused by the manufacture of sulfuric acid and sulfonation process, fuel burning equipment and incineration.
For Stationary sources of pollution not specifically included in the immediately preceding paragraph, the following emission standards shall not be exceeded in the exhaust gas :
I. Daily And Half Hourly Average Values
Daily Average Values
Half Hourly Average Values
Total dust 10 mg/m3 30 mg/m3
Gaseous and vaporous organic substances, expressed as total organic carbon 10 mg/m3 20 mg/m3
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) 10 mg/m3 60 mg/m3
Hydrogen fluoride (HF) 1 mg/m3 4 mg/m3
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 50 mg/m3 200 mg/m3
Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), expressed as nitrogen dioxide for incineration plants with a capacity exceeding 3 tonnes per hour 200 mg/m3 400 mg/m3
Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), expressed as nitrogen dioxide for incineration plants with a capacity of 3 tonnes per hour or less 300 mg/m3
Ammonia 10 mg/m3 20 mg/m3
II. All the Average Values over the Sample Period of a Minimum of 4 and Maximum of 8 Hours.
Cadmium and its compounds, expressed as cadmium (Cd) total 0.05
Thallium and its compounds, expressed as thallium (Tl) mg/m3
Mercury and its Compounds, expressed as mercury (Hg) 0.05 mg/m3
Antimony and its compounds, expressed as antimony (Sb)
Arsenic and its compounds, expressed as arsenic (As) total 0.5 mg/m3
Lead and its compounds, expressed as lead ( Pb)
Chromium and its compounds, expressed as chromium (Cr)
Cobalt and its compounds, expressed as cobalt (Co)
Copper and its compounds, expressed as copper (Cu)
Manganese and its compounds, expressed as manganese (Mn)
Nickel and its compounds, expressed as nickel (Ni)
Vanadium and its compounds, expressed as vanadium (V)
Tin and its compounds, expressed as tin (Sn)
These average value cover also gaseous and the vapor forms of the relevant heavy metal emission as well as their compounds. Provided, that the emission of dioxins and furans into the air shall be reduced by the most progressive techniques. Provided, further that all average of dioxin and furans measured over the sample period of a minimum of 5 hours and maximum of 8 hours must not exceed the limit value of 0.1 nanogram/m3.
Pursuant to Sec. 8 of this Act, the Department shall prepare a detailed action plan setting the emission standards or standards of performance for any stationary source the procedure for testing emissions for each type of pollutant, and the procedure for enforcement of said standards.
Existing industries, which are proven to exceed emission rates established by the Department in consultation with stakeholders, after a thorough, credible and transparent measurement process shall be allowed a grace period of eighteen (18) months for the establishment of an environmental management system and the installation of an appropriate air pollution control device : Provided, That an extension of not more than twelve (12) months may be allowed by the Department on meritorious grounds.
SEC. 20 Ban on Incineration.- Incineration , hereby defined as the burning of municipal, biomedical and hazardous waste, which process emits poisonous and toxic fumes is hereby prohibited; Provided, however, That the prohibition shall not apply to traditional small-scale method of community/neighborhood sanitation "siga", traditional, agricultural, cultural, health, and food preparation and crematoria; Provided, further, That existing incinerators dealing with a biomedical wastes shall be out within three (3) years after the effectivity of this Act; Provided, finally, that in the interim, such units shall be limited to the burning of pathological and infectious wastes, and subject to close monitoring by the Department.
Local government units are hereby mandated to promote, encourage and implement in their respective jurisdiction a comprehensive ecological waste management that includes waste segregation, recycling and composting.
With due concern on the effects of climate change, the Department shall promote the use of state-of-the-art, environmentally-sound and safe non-burn technologies for the handling, treatment, thermal destruction, utilization, and disposal of sorted, unrecycled, uncomposted, biomedical and hazardous wastes.
ARTICLE FOUR
Pollution from Motor Vehicles
Sec. 21. Pollution from Motor Vehicles. a) The DOTC shall implement the emission standards for motor vehicles set pursuant to and as provided in this Act. To further improve the emission standards, the Department shall review, revise and publish the
standards every two (2) years, or as the need arises. It shall consider the maximum limits for all major pollutants to ensure substantial improvement in air quality for the health, safety and welfare of the general public.
The following emission standards for type approval of motor vehicles shall be effective by the year 2003:
a.) For light duty vehicles, the exhausts emission limits for gaseous pollutants shall be:
Emission Limits for Light Duty Vehicles
Type Approval
(Directive 91/441/EEC)
CO
(g/km)
HC + NOx
(g/km)
PMa
(g/km)
2.72
0.97 0.14
a for compression-ignition engines only
b) For light commercial vehicles, the exhaust emission limit of gaseous pollutants as a function of the given reference mass shall be :
Reference Weight (RW) (kg)
CO (g/km)
HC + NOx (g/km)
PMa (g/km)
Category 1 1250< RW 2.72 0.97 0.14
Category 2 1250< RW<1700 5.17 1.4 0.19
Category 3 RW>1700 6.9 1.7 0.25
a for compression-ignition engines only
c.) For heavy duty vehicles, the exhaust emission limits of gaseous pollutants shall be :
Emission Limits for Heavy Duty Vehicles
Type Approval
(Directive 91/542/EEC)
CO
(g/k/Wh)
HC
(g/k/Wh)
NOx
(g/k/Wh)
PM
(g/k/Wh)
4.5
1.1
8.0
0.36a
a In the case of engines of 85 kW or less, the limit value for particular emissions in increased by multiplying the quoted limit by a coefficient of 1.7
Fuel evaporative emission for spark-ignition engines shall not exceed 2.0 grams hydrocarbons per test. Likewise, it shall not allow any emission of gases from crankcase ventilation system into the atmosphere.
b.) The Department, in collaboration with the DOTC, DTI and LGUs, shall develop an action plan for the control and management of air pollution from motor vehicles consistent with the Integrated Air Quality Framework. The DOTC shall enforce compliance with the emission standards for motor vehicles set by the Department. The DOTC may deputize other law enforcement agencies and LGUs for this purpose. To this end, the DOTC shall have the power to :
(1) Inspect and monitor the emissions of motor vehicles ;
(2) Prohibit or enjoin the use of motor vehicles or a class of motor vehicles in any area or street at specified times; and
(3) Authorize private testing emission testing centers duly accredited by the DTI.
c.) The DOTC, together with the DTI and the Department, shall establish the procedures for the inspection of motor vehicles and the testing of their emissions for the purpose of determining the concentration and/or rate of pollutants discharged by said sources.
d.) In order to ensure the substantial reduction of emissions from a motor vehicles, the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), together with the DOTC and the Department shall formulate and implement a national motor vehicle inspection and maintenance program that will promote efficient and safe operation of all motor vehicles. In this regard, the DTI shall develop and implement standards and procedures for the certification of training institutions, instructors and facilities and the licensing of qualified private service centers and their technicians as prerequisite for performing the testing, servicing, repair and the required adjustment to the vehicle emission system. The DTI shall likewise prescribe regulations requiring the disclosure of odometer readings and the use of tamper-resistant odometers for all motor vehicles including tamper-resistant fuel management systems for the effective implementation of the inspection and maintenance program.
SEC. 22 Regulation of All Motor Vehicles and Engines. Any imported new or locally-assembled new motor vehicle shall not be registered unless it complies with the emission standards set pursuant to this Act, as evidenced by a Certificate of Conformity (COC) issued by the Department.
Any imported new motor vehicle engine shall not be introduced into commerce, sold or used unless it complies with emission standards set pursuant to this Act.
Any imported used motor vehicle or rebuilt motor vehicle using new or used engines, major parts or components shall not be registered unless it complies with the emission standards.
In case of non-compliance, the importer or consignee may be allowed to modify or rebuild the vehicular engine so it will be in compliance with applicable emission standards.
No motor vehicle registration (MVR) shall be issued unless such motor vehicle passes the emission testing requirement promulgated in accordance with this Act. Such testing shall be conducted by the DOTC or its authorized inspection centers within sixty (60) days prior to date of registration.
The DTI shall promulgate the necessary regulations prescribing the useful life of vehicles and engines including devices in order to ensure that such vehicles will conform to the emissions which they were certified to meet. These regulations shall include provisions for ensuring the durability of emission devices.
SEC. 23. Second-Hand Motor Vehicle Engines. Any imported second-hand motor vehicle engine shall not be introduced into commerce, sold or used unless it complies with emission standards set pursuant to this Act.
ARTICLE FIVE-
Pollution from Other Sources
SEC. 24 Pollution from smoking. Smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public place including public vehicles and other means of transport or in any enclosed area outside of one's private residence, private place of work or any duly designated smoking area is hereby prohibited under this Act. This provision shall be implemented by the LGUs.
SEC. 25. Pollution from other Mobile Sources. The Department, in coordination with appropriate agencies, shall formulate and establish the necessary standards for all mobile sources other than those referred to in Sec. 21 of this Act. The imposition of the appropriate fines and penalties from these sources for any violation of emission standards shall be under the jurisdiction of the DOTC.
CHAPTER 3
FUELS, ADDITIVES, SUBSTANCES AND POLLUTANTS
Article One-
Fuels, Additives and Substances
SEC. 26 Fuels and Additives. Pursuant to the Air Quality Framework to be established under Section 7 of this Act, the Department of Energy (DOE), co-chaired by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), in consultation with the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) of the DTI, the DOST, the representatives of the fuel and automotive industries, academe and the consumers shall set the specifications for all types of fuel and fuel-related products, to improve fuel composition for increased efficiency and reduced emissions; Provided, however, that the specifications for all types of fuel and fuel-related products set-forth pursuant to this section shall be adopted by the BPS as Philippine National Standards (PNS).
The DOE, shall also specify the allowable content of additives in all types of fuels and fuel-related products. Such standards shall be based primarily on threshold levels of health and research studies. On the basis of such specifications, the DOE shall likewise limit the content or begin that phase-out of additives in all types of fuels and fuel-related products as it may deem necessary. Other agencies involved in the performance of this function shall be required to coordinate with the DOE and transfer all documents and information necessary for the implementation of this provision.
Consistent with the provisions of the preceding paragraphs under this section, it is declared that :
a. not later than eighteen (18) months after the effectivity of this Act, no person shall manufacture, import, sell, supply, offer for sale, dispense, transport or introduce into commerce unleaded premium gasoline fuel which has an anti-knock index (AKI) of not less that 87.5 and Reid vapor pressure of not more than 9 psi. Within six (6) months after the effectivity of this Act, unleaded gasoline fuel shall contain aromatics not to exceed forty-five percent (45%) by volume and benzene not to exceed four percent (4%) by volume; Provided, that by year 2003, unleaded gasoline fuel should contain aromatics not to exceed thirty-five percent (35%) by volume and benzene not to exceed two percent (2%) by volume;
b. not later than eighteen (18) months after the effectivity of this Act, no person shall manufacture, import, sell, supply , offer for sale, dispense, transport or introduce into commerce automotive diesel fuel which contains a concentration of sulfur in excess of 0.20% by weight with a cetane number of index of not less than forty-eight (48); Provided, That by year 2004, content of said sulfur shall be 0.05% by weight ; and
c. not later than eighteen (18) months after the effectivity of this Act, no Person shall manufacture, import, sell, supply, offer for sale, dispense, transport or introduce into commerce industrial diesel fuel which contains a concentration of sulfur in excess of 0.30% (by weight).
Every two (2) years thereafter or as the need arises, the specifications of unleaded gasoline and of automotive and industrial diesel fuels shall be reviewed and revised for further improvement in formulation and in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
The fuels characterized above shall be commercially available. Likewise, the same shall be the reference fuels for emission and testing procedures to be established in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
Any proposed additive shall not in any way increase emissions of any of the regulated gases which shall include, but not limited to carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter, in order to be approved and certified by the Department.
SEC. 27. Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives.- The DOE, in coordination with the Department and the BPS, shall regulate the use of any fuel or fuel additive. No manufacturer, processor or trader of any fuel or additive may import, sell, offer for sale, or introduce into commerce such fuel for additive unless the same has been registered with the DOE. Prior to registration, the manufacturer, processor or trader shall provide the DOE with the following relevant information:
a. Product identity and composition to determine the potential health effects of such fuel additives;
b. Description of the analytical technique that can be used to detect and measure the additive in any fuel ;
c. Recommended range of concentration; and
d. Purpose in the use of the fuel and additive.
SEC. 28 Misfueling. In order to prevent the disabling of any emission control device by lead contamination, no person shall introduce or cause or allow the introduction of leaded gasoline into any motor vehicle equipped with a gasoline tank filler inlet and labeled " unleaded gasoline only ". This prohibition shall also apply to any person who knows or should know that such vehicle is designed solely for the use of unleaded gasoline.
SEC. 29. Prohibition on Manufacture. Import and Sale of leaded Gasoline and of Engines and/or Components Requiring Leaded Gasoline. Effective not later than eighteen (18) months after the enactment of this Act, no person shall manufacture, import, sell, offer for sale, introduce into commerce, convey or otherwise dispose of , in any manner leaded gasoline and engines and components requiring the use of leaded gasoline.
For existing vehicles, the DTI shall formulate standards and procedures that will allow non-conforming engines to comply with the use of unleaded fuel within five(5) years after the effectivity of this Act.
Article Two
Other Pollutants
SEC. 30. Ozone-Depleting Substances. Consistent with the terms and conditions of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and other international agreements and protocols to which the Philippines is a signatory, the Department shall phase out ozone-depleting substances.
Within sixty (60) days after the enactment of this Act, the Department shall publish a list of substances which are known to cause harmful effects on the stratospheric ozone layer.
SEC. 31. Greenhouse Gases. The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Service Administration (PAGASA) shall regularly monitor meteorological factors affecting environmental conditions including ozone depletion and greenhouse gases and coordinate with the Department in order to effectively guide air pollution monitoring and standard-setting activities.
The Department, together with concerned agencies and local government units, shall prepare and fully implement a national plan consistent with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and other international agreements, conventions and protocols on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the country.
SEC. 32. Persistent Organic Pollutants. The Department shall, within a period of two (2) years after the enactment of this Act, establish an inventory list of all sources of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Country. The Department shall develop short-term and long-term national government programs on the reduction and elimination of POPs such as dioxins and furans. Such programs shall be formulated within a year after the establishment of the inventory list.
SEC. 33. Radioactive Emissions. All projects which will involve the use of atomic and/or nuclear energy, and will entail release and emission of radioactive substances into the environment, incident to the establishment or possession of nuclear energy facilities and radioactive materials, handling, transport, production, storage, and use of radioactive materials, shall be regulated in the interest of public health and welfare by the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI), in coordination with Department and other appropriate government agencies.
CHAPTER 4
INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM
SEC. 34. Lead Agency.- The Department, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be the primary government agency responsible for the implementation and enforcement of this Act. To be more effective in this regard, The Department's Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) shall be converted from a staff bureau to a line bureau for a period of no more than two (2) years, unless a separate, comprehensive environmental management agency is created.
SEC. 35 Linkage Mechanism. - The Department shall consult, participate, cooperate and enter into agreement with other government agencies, or with affected non-governmental (NGOs) or people's organizations (POs),or private enterprises in the furtherance of the objectives of this Act.
SEC. 36. Role of Local Government Units.- Local Government units (LGUs) shall share the responsibility in the management and maintenance of air quality within their territorial jurisdiction. Consistent with Secs. 7,8 and 9 of this Act, LGUs shall implement air quality standards set by the Board in areas within their jurisdiction; Provided, however, that in case where the board has not been duly constituted and has not promulgated its standards, the standards set forth in this Act shall apply.
The Department shall provide the LGUs with technical assistance, trainings and a continuing capability-building program to prepare them to undertake full administration of the air quality management and regulation within their territorial jurisdiction.
SEC. 37 Environmental and Natural Resources Office.- There may be established an Environment and Natural Resources Office in every province, city, or municipality which shall be headed by the environment and natural resources officer and shall be appointed by the Chief Executive of every province, city or municipality in accordance with the provisions of Section 484 of Republic Act No. 7160. Its powers and duties, among others, are :
a. To prepare comprehensive air quality management programs, plans and strategies within the limits set forth in Republic act. No. 7160 and this Act which shall be implemented within its territorial jurisdiction upon the approval of the sanggunian ;
b. To provide technical assistance and support to the governor or mayor, as the case may be, in carrying out measures to ensure the delivery of basic services and the provision of adequate facilities relative to air quality;
c. To take the lead in all efforts concerning air quality protection and rehabilitation;
d. To recommend to the Board air quality standards which shall not exceed the maximum permissible standards set by rational laws ;
e. To coordinate with other government agencies and non-governmental organizations in the implementation of measures to prevent and control air pollution; and
f. Exercise such other powers and perform such duties and functions as may be prescribed by law or ordinance. Provided, however, that, in provinces/cities/municipalities where there are no environment and natural resources officers, the local executive concerned may designate any of his official and/ or chief of office preferably the provincial, city or municipal agriculturist, or any of his employee; Provided, finally, that in case an employee is designated as such, he must have a sufficient experience in environmental and natural resources management, conservation and utilization.
SEC. 38 Record-keeping, Inspection, Monitoring and Entry by the Department.- The Department or its duly accredited entity shall, after proper consultation and notice, require any person who owns or operates any emissions source or who is subject to any requirement of this Act to : (a) establish and maintain relevant records; (b) make relevant reports; (c) install, use and maintain monitoring equipment or methods; (d) sample emission, in accordance with the methods, locations, intervals and manner prescribed by the Department; (e) keep records on control equipment parameters, production variables or other indirect data when direct monitoring of emissions is impractical; and (f) provide such other information as the Department may reasonably require.
Pursuant to this Act, the Department, through its authorized representatives, shall have the right of : (a) entry of access to any premises including documents and relevant materials as referred to in the herein preceding paragraph, b) inspect any pollution or waste source, control device, monitoring equipment or method required, and c) test any emission.
Any record, report or information obtained under this section shall be made available to the public, except upon a satisfactory showing to the Department by the entity concerned that the record, report or information, or parts thereof, if made public, would divulge secret methods or processes entitled to protection as intellectual property. Such record, report or information shall likewise be incorporated in the Department's industrial rating system.
SEC. 39. Public Education and Information Campaign.- A continuing air quality information and education campaign shall promoted by the Department, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS), the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), the Department of Agriculture (DA) and the Philippine Information Agency (PIA). Consistent with Sec. 7 of this Act, such campaign shall encourage the participation of other government agencies and the private sector including NGOs, POs, the academe, environmental groups and other private entities in a multi-sectoral information campaign.
CHAPTER 5
ACTIONS
SEC. 40 Administrative Action.- Without prejudice to the right of any affected person to file an administrative action , the Department shall, on its own instance or upon verified complaint by any person, institute administrative proceedings against any person who violates:
a) Standards or limitation provided under this Act; or
b) Any order, rule or regulation issued by the Department with respect to such standard or limitation.
SEC. 41. Citizen Suits. for purposes of enforcing the provisions of this Act or its implementing rules and regulations, any citizen may file an appropriate civil, criminal or administrative action in the proper courts against:
(a) Any person who violates or fails to comply with the provisions of this Act or its implementing rules and regulations; or
(b) The Department or other implementing agencies with respect to orders, rules and regulations issued inconsistent with this act; and/or
(c) Any public officer who willfully or grossly neglects the performance of an act specifically enjoined as a duty by this Act or its implementing rules and regulations; or abuses his authority in the performance of his duty; or, in any manner, improperly performs his duties under this Act or its implementing rules and regulations: Provided, however, That no suit can be filed until thirty-day (30) notice has been taken thereon.
The court shall exempt such action from the payment of filing fees, except fees for actions not capable of pecuniary estimations, and shall likewise, upon prima facie showing of the non-enforcement or violation complained of, exempt the plaintiff from the filing of an injunction bond for the issuance of a preliminary injunction.
Within thirty (30) days, the court shall make a determination if the compliant herein is malicious and/or baseless and shall accordingly dismiss the action and award attorney's fees and damages.
SEC .42 . Independence of Action.- The filing of an administrative suit against such person/entity does not preclude the right of any other person to file any criminal or civil action. Such civil action shall proceed independently.
SEC. 43 Suits and Strategic Legal Actions Against Public Participation and the Enforcement of this act.- where a suit is brought against a a person who filed an action as provided in Sec. 41 of this Act, or against any person, institutions or government agency that implements this Act, it shall be the duty of the investigating prosecutor or the court, as the case may be, to immediately make a determination not exceeding thirty (30) days whether said legal action has been filed to harass, vex, exert undue pressure or stifle such legal recourses of the person complaining of or enforcing the provisions of this Act. Upon determination thereof , evidence warranting the same, the court shall dismiss the case and award attorney's fees and double damages.
This provision shall also apply and benefit public officers who are sued for acts committed in their official capacity, their being no grave abuse of authority, and done in the course of enforcing this Act.
SEC. 44 Lien Upon Personal and Immovable Properties of Violators. Fines and penalties imposed pursuant to this Act shall be liens upon personal immovable properties of the violator. Such lien shall, in case of insolvency of the respondent violator , enjoy preference to laborer's wages under Article 2241 and 2242 of Republic Act No. 386, otherwise known as the New Civil Code of the Philippines.
CHAPTER 6
FINES AND PENALTIES
SEC. 45. Violation of Standards for Stationary Sources. For actual exceedance of any pollution or air quality standards under this Act or its rules and regulations, the Department, through the Pollution Adjudication Board (PAB), shall impose a fine of not more than One hundred thousand pesos ( P 100,000.00) for every day of violation against the owner or operator of a stationary source until such time that the standards have been complied with.
For purposes of the application of the fines, the PAB shall prepare a fine rating system to adjust the maximum fine based on the violator's ability to pay, degree of willfulness, degree of negligence, history of noncompliance and degree of recalcitrance. Provided, That in case of negligence, the first time offender's ability to pay may likewise be considered by the Pollution Adjudication Board; Provided, further, That in the absence of any extenuating or aggravating circumstances, the amount of fine for negligence shall be equivalent to one-half of the fine for willful violation.
The fines herein prescribed shall be increased by at least ten percent (10%), every three (3) years to compensate for inflation and to maintain the deterrent function of such fines.
In addition to the fines, the PAB shall order closure, suspension of development, construction, or operations of the stationary sources until such time that proper environmental safeguards are put in place; Provided, that an establishment liable for a third offense shall suffer permanent closure immediately. This paragraph shall be without prejudice to the immediate issuance of an ex parte order for such closure, suspension of development or construction, or cessation of operations during the pendency of the case upon prima facie evidence that their is imminent threat to life, public health, safety or general welfare, or to plant or animal life, or whenever there is an exceedance of the emission standards set by the Department and/or the Board and/or the appropriate LGU.
SEC. 46. Violation of Standards for Motor Vehicles. No motor vehicle shall be registered with the DOTC unless it meets the emission standards set by the Department as provided in Sec. 21 hereof.
Any vehicle suspected of violation of emission standards through visual signs, such as, but not limited to smoke-belching, shall be subjected to an emission test by a duly authorized emission testing center. For this purpose, the DOTC or its authorized testing center shall establish a roadside inspection system. Should it be shown that there was no violation of emission standards, the vehicle shall be immediately released. Otherwise, a testing result indicating an exceedance of the emission standards would warrant the continuing custody of the impounded vehicle unless the appropriate penalties are fully paid, and the license plate is surrendered to the DOTC pending the fulfillment of the undertaking by the owner/operator of the motor vehicle to make the necessary repairs so as to comply with the standards. A pass shall herein be issued by the DOTC to authorize the use of the motor vehicle within a specified period that shall not exceed seven (7) days for the sole purpose of making the necessary repairs on the said vehicle. The owner/operator of the vehicle shall be required to correct its defects and show proof of compliance to the appropriate pollution control office before the vehicle can be allowed to be driven on any public or subdivision roads.
In addition, the driver and operator of the apprehended vehicle shall undergo a seminar on pollution control management conducted by the DOTC and shall also suffer the following penalties:
a. First Offense - a fine not to exceed Two Thousand Pesos ( P 2, 000.00);
b. Second Offense - a fine not less than Two Thousand Pesos (P 2,000.00) and not to exceed Four Thousand Pesos (P 4, 000.00); and
c. Third offense - one (1) year suspension of the Motor Vehicle Registration (MVR) and a fine of not less than Four Thousand Pesos (P 4,000.00) and not more than Six thousand pesos (P 6,000.00).
Any violation of the provisions of Sec. 21 paragraph (d) with regard to national inspection and maintenance program, including technicians and facility compliance shall penalized with a fine of not less than Thirty Thousand Pesos (P 30 Question: EDIT: Scam/fake recruiters Dubai? Edit my topic about scam/fake jobrecruiters Dubai (Core Elements) I found this important article on http://www.dubizzle.com/discuss/dubai-qu…
Read the whole topic line and spread the news,so others will not fall for those "bastards"!!
Under the UAE Labour Law it is illegal for any company or employer to charge or try and charge any employee for any part of the recruitment or employment process: including agents fees, finders fees, commissions, medical fees, registration charges, labour deposits etc. etc.
Any company contravening this can be reported to the Dubai Economic Department (DED), if enough complaints are made the company can have their trade licence withdrawn.
here are the email addresses of who to contact there...
Sami Dhaen Al Qamzi General Director 04-2223369 04-2228808 s.alqamz@dubaided.gov.ae
Ahmad Ibrahim Head of Customers Care Section 04-2020156 04-2020226
aimhmd1@dubaided.gov.ae
Abdullah Al Zaabi Head of Business Registration Section 04-2020171 04-2020226
aazaabi@dubaided.gov.ae
Mohammed Hilal Al Murooshdi Director of Compliance Division 04-2020415 04-2020176 mhmrshdi@dubaided.gov.ae
Abdulla Al Shehi Head of Commercial Protection Division 04-2020181 04-2020176 amsaleh@dubaided.gov.ae
Waleed Abdulmalik Head of Commercial Control Division 04-2020213 04-2020176 wamalik@dubaided.gov.ae
Sumaya Mohammed Media Coordinator 04-2020353 04-2020796 smyousef@dubaided.gov.ae
Khawla Al Abdooli Legal Consultant 04-2020257 04-2020263 kaabdooli@dubaided.gov.ae
Khalid Mubashri Legal Consultant 04-2020256 04-2020263 khmbshri@dubaided.gov.ae
Sanaa Tayem Admin. Assistant 04-2020230 04-2020263 sanaa@dubaided.gov.ae
Abdullah Ahmed Customer Services Coordinator 04-2020291 04-2020263 aaabdula@dubaided.gov.ae
Tasneem Abdullah Secretary 04-2020260 04-2020263 taali@dubaided.gov.ae
NEWSPAPER LINK...
news@7days.ae
business@7days.ae
i have sent an email to the papers about this scam. i have also pushed up the google listing that led me to this thread. i suggest you all do the same. lets see if we can all push this recruiter out of business for bad trading. thank you. Question: What do you think of the following article? EXTRA HELP
When Special Education
Goes Too Easy on Students
Parents Say Schools
Game System, Let Kids
Graduate Without Skills
By JOHN HECHINGER and DANIEL GOLDEN
August 21, 2007; Page A1
GREENPORT, N.Y. -- On June 25, 2006, Michael Bredemeyer threw his tasseled cap in the air and cheered after getting his high school diploma. Two days later, his parents mailed the diploma back.
[More Data on Mainstreaming]
* * *
Plus, read more about the challenges of integrating special-needs students, at WSJ.com/Mainstreaming.
Michael, now 19 years old, has learning disabilities and finished high school at a seventh-grade reading level, despite scoring above average on IQ tests. The Bredemeyers say he passed some classes because teachers inflated his grades and accepted poor work. By awarding him a meaningless diploma, they say, school officials avoided paying for ongoing instruction.
"I felt proud because he had worked so hard," says Michael's mother, Beverly, her voice breaking. "You don't want to take that away from him. But you knew it wasn't real. What's he going to do in the future? Will he be able to go to college and get a job?"
The Bredemeyers represent a new voice in special education: parents disappointed not because their children are failing, but because they're passing without learning. These families complain that schools give their children an easy academic ride through regular-education classes, undermining a new era of higher expectations for the 14% of U.S. students who are in special education.
Years ago, schools assumed that students with disabilities would lag behind their non-disabled peers. They often were taught in separate buildings and left out of standardized testing. But a combination of two federal laws, adopted a quarter-century apart, have made it national policy to hold almost all children with disabilities to the same academic standards as other students.
The 1975 statute now known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act promoted putting special-education students in mainstream classrooms. The 2001 No Child Left Behind Act said schools would be punished if disabled children don't pass the same state tests as other students. It also requires states to set standards for high-school graduation rates and meet them for all students, including those with disabilities.
By some measures, the extra attention is paying off. Test scores and classroom grades of disabled students are rising, and their high-school graduation rate increased to 54% in 2004 from 42% in 1996.
But critics say some of the gains have come because schools have learned to game the system. For instance, federal rules allow states to make "reasonable accommodations" to help disabled students pass tests and graduate, such as allowing extra time on exams. Some schools, say critics, are giving students too much help, for instance by guiding students to the right answers on multiple-choice tests.
MAKING THE GRADE
• The Issue: Some parents of students with learning disabilities say their children are graduating too easily.
• The Background: Federal laws raised school standards, but left loopholes. Increasingly, special-education students get special help to pass tests.
• The Problem: If schools game the system, those students move on without the skills they need.
From 2000 to 2005, special-education fourth graders showed more improvement in reading and math than the general population on an important benchmark test, the National Assessment of Educational Progress. But accommodations also increased. In 2005, 70% of fourth-grade special education students received some sort of accommodation while taking the math portion, up from 44% five years earlier. In reading, 63% used accommodations in 2005, up from 29% in 2000.
On tests used to measure compliance with No Child Left Behind, more states are permitting students with disabilities to use calculators on arithmetic tests or have reading-comprehension tests be read aloud. Massachusetts education commissioner David Driscoll warned school administrators in February that an alarming number of special education students -- a quarter or half in some cases -- were receiving such accommodations on state exams. With unclear guidelines, "People start driving trucks through loopholes," he said in an interview.
Some school districts have an informal policy against failing students with disabilities even if they miss many classes or aren't learning. "I can go into any school we represent and have somebody tell me we have to pass special education students" to avoid being blamed for not providing the right services if students fail, says Janet Horton, a Texas special-education attorney. Federal law says special-education students should receive a "free appropriate public education," but it doesn't prohibit failing them.
Mardys Leeper and Carol Merrill, former teachers at West Philadelphia High School in Pennsylvania, say a special-education administrator there ordered them to pass special-education students. Ms. Leeper says she made concessions for students with disabilities, such as letting them write shorter essays or copy paragraphs she wrote onto a word processor rather than composing their own. But when those students didn't make an effort, or skipped class, both teachers say they sometimes sought to fail them -- only to have the administrator insist on passing grades. The reason they were given: Students had met the goals of their federally mandated individual education plans, IEPs, spelling out goals and services for each special-education student.
"Students who weren't even participating, even trying, we couldn't fail them," says Ms. Merrill, an English teacher who retired this year. Even if they couldn't read, "I had to give them a 'D.'"
The administrator couldn't be reached for comment. Brenda Taylor, head of special education for the Philadelphia school district, called the matter a "breakdown in communication." The district has no written policy against failing special-education students, she says. But rather than being "punitive" if a student performs poorly or cuts class, she says, the district prefers to revise a student's IEP. "We're not in the business of failing students," Ms. Taylor says.
Only 19 states require all students to earn the same kind of diploma, according to a recent University of Minnesota survey. Some of those states let special-education students amass fewer course credits to earn the degree, the survey found. Other states give substitute certificates, in some cases called IEP diplomas, to special-education students who don't qualify for standard diplomas.
Many special-education parents are happy to see their children advance through school and graduate. Reggie Felton, director of federal policy for the National School Boards Association, says special-education students learn more in regular classes even if they're given a break on assignments or grading. The federal government recently decided to triple the percentage of students allowed to take easier tests, to 3% from 1%. Some legislators have proposed exempting more students.
But the rebellion against too-easy passing is growing, says Pam Wright, who with her husband has co-authored books on special education issues and operates a Virginia-based information clearinghouse for special-education parents. She estimates she now receives more than 1,000 email messages a year from parents lamenting that their children with disabilities take mainstream courses but aren't being taught as much as their classmates. Dozens of parents have contended in recent administrative appeals that their children did not deserve the diplomas they received, she says.
The family of Alba Somoza, who has cerebral palsy and speaks only with the help of a computer, filed one such case. Alba drew national attention in the 1990s when her family successfully pushed to include the then-third grader in a regular classroom. Then-President Bill Clinton backed her cause, and Alba, now 23, graduated with honors from a New York City high school in 2002.
Last year, Alba and her family filed an administrative case claiming her education was a sham. A school report prepared weeks before she graduated showed she had language and math skills at an elementary school level, court records show. "You cannot shunt children through -- you cannot scam them through the system," says Alba's mother, Mary.
[Michael Bredemeyer]
Since shortly after she graduated, New York has been paying for a special program for Alba that costs $400,000 a year -- including a full-time teacher, an aide, transportation and extensive technology. The city says it is doing so out of compassion, not legal obligation. The family is seeking to continue the public funding another year to help Alba receive enough education to work as a museum docent.
The Somozas lost the administrative case, but a judge in U.S. District Court in Manhattan ruled in the family's favor earlier this year and ordered another hearing. Rather than develop a program that would help Alba reach her academic goals, teachers lowered the curriculum's "level of difficulty" and removed "large and meaningful portions of its substantive content," the judge said. One teacher testified that he did most of the work on Alba's final project in 2002. New York officials say the school properly adapted the curriculum for a severely disabled student.
In northern California, Jennifer McGowan, an 18-year-old who is deaf in one ear and suffers from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities, was supposed to graduate from Vacaville Unified School District in June. She didn't get her diploma -- because her family won a court injunction to stop it.
In an interview, Jennifer said she often received A or B grades for poorly completed work or, at times, when she didn't do assignments at all or show up for class. Achievement tests she took in January 2005 showed that she had the math and reading skills of an elementary-school student, according to her administrative complaint.
The school district denies her grades were inflated and said she showed her proficiency by passing a high-school exit exam. John Aycock, Vacaville's superintendent, said teachers did "a great job working with Jennifer." Jennifer says she failed the exit exam several times despite intensive preparation. "They just wanted to pass me and let me fly by," she says. The school system says it's not unusual to make several attempts to pass.
At the Mercer Island school district in Washington state, the family of a girl with severe learning disabilities complains that, instead of the intense instruction she needed to master reading and math in eighth and ninth grades, teachers showered her with accommodations: a peer note-taker, a peer to read materials to her, oral exams, reduced assignments and a calculator on math tests.
At an administrative hearing, the family -- whose names are not disclosed in the court papers -- sought to force the school system to pay for her private schooling. Noting her strong A and B grades, the district successfully argued that accommodations were helping her learn. In U.S. District Court in Seattle, a judge hearing an appeal of the case disagreed last year, saying the system improperly relied on accommodations rather than instruction, and has returned the case to a hearing officer to determine financial relief for the family.
Boxes of school correspondence and Michael Bredemeyer's old tests and assignments line the hallways of his family's weather-beaten saltbox house in Orient, N.Y., on Long Island's North Fork. Michael's parents are demanding public funding for more services until age 21, to which students are entitled unless they graduate, so he can improve his academic skills for college.
John Bredemeyer, a county public-health inspector, and his wife, Beverly, had high hopes for Michael, who has a strong work ethic and a knack for repairing machines. But once he entered public middle school in nearby Greenport, his parents worried that teachers were letting him skate through classes and tests.
Michael, who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities including dyslexia, says in some classes he "definitely earned" a passing grade, but others were "borderline." He took regular classes except for one period a day. "A little more one-on-one" instruction would have helped, he says.
On state achievement exams, Michael's IEP permitted him extra time, simplified instructions and guidance from a teacher to slow him down if he rushed through answers. But when he completed the eighth-grade math test, his special-education teacher also took him to the resource room and directed him to redo problems he had answered incorrectly. According to a memo from Greenport Superintendent Charles Kozora, the teacher "exceeded the intent" of Michael's accommodations, boosting his score. The state investigated and invalidated Michael's test.
[Revolt]
Mr. Kozora said the school system had only two cases of testing irregularities in six years, few conflicts with parents over special education and "many successes" among students with disabilities. The district says achievement, and not cost, dictates its decisions on graduating students.
When Michael was a junior at Greenport High, his chemistry teacher passed him with the minimum grade of 65, even though he says he spent much of the class doodling and playing solitaire on his laptop. Checking his assignments and tests, his parents couldn't understand how he could be passing.
In a letter, the school principal acknowledged that the final grade was a "miscalculation" and should have been 56.6, or an F. The school offered to let him make up his lost credits by volunteering in the town library. When his parents balked, he was instead placed in courses in sociology and psychology. On one psychology pop quiz, five of Michael's seven answers were marked wrong, but a failing grade was crossed out on the paper and a passing score of 65 was substituted. The school district declined comment.
For a senior English assignment, he received an A for one untitled paragraph. "I believe competition today has changed dramatically," he wrote. "Back in the day, sports was some of the only sports that had competition. Today, everyone wants to compete and only be successful. School work, school sports, major league sports, all involve high amounts of success and competition. Competition today has become very extreme." His English teacher, Michael Connolly, said he didn't remember the assignment and had no comment on the grade.
On standardized tests, Michael had mixed results: On the SATs, which have a 200 to 800 scale, Michael received 330 and then 370 in two tries on the reading test, in the bottom 10% of all students nationally. On math, he scored 460 both times. He failed two state exams and passed five others. His school grades put him in the bottom one-third of his class.
A month before graduation, the Bredemeyers debated whether he should accept the degree. "I wanted to have it," Michael says. "Get it and forget it."
On graduation day, a school band played "Pomp and Circumstance." Michael's parents, his sister, his grandmother, aunts and uncles watched as he walked up to the podium and a school official handed him a purple diploma case with his name etched in gold letters.
Michael says he knew his parents might not let him keep it. "I had a feeling they'd do something like that," he said, shrugging. "I'll eventually get it back, one of these days, months, years." This summer, Michael has been mowing lawns and picking up trash at a state park for $9 an hour. This fall, he plans to enter his second year at Suffolk County Community College, which does not require a high-school diploma. Last semester at Suffolk, he received a D-plus in freshman composition, D's in statistics and Western Civilization and an F in the history of rock 'n' roll.
Write to John Hechinger at john.hechinger@wsj.com and Daniel Golden at dan.golden@wsj.com
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More related content Powered by Sphere Question: C'mon guys are you honestly going to tell me this isn't a worth cause? DETROIT -- The American Civil Liberties Union of Michigan has filed a religious liberty lawsuit on behalf of a ninth-grader who is facing expulsion from a public charter school after he refused to comply with the dress code that requires all male students to maintain “closely cropped” hairstyles.
Claudius Benson, 14, was enrolled in Old Redford Academy in Detroit for three days when he was suspended on grounds that he was not in compliance with the hair provisions of the school’s dress code.
Benson’s mother said she strictly abides by various Old Testament provisions, including a passage in the book of Leviticus that forbids the cutting of hair. Benson has not cut his hair since he was 4 years old.
"Punishing Claudius for practicing his religion is both unnecessary and illegal," said Kary L. Moss, Executive Director of the ACLU of Michigan. "Students should never have to choose between remaining faithful to their religion and getting an education."
After Claudius’ suspension, his mother, Alecha Benson, appealed to the school’s governing board and outlined her religious beliefs. To this date, the school has refused to reinstate him.
Before filing suit, the ACLU of Michigan sent a letter to the school’s attorney stating that Old Redford Academy was violating the religion and free speech clauses of The U.S. Constitution and the Michigan Elliot-Larsen Civil Rights Act of 1969.
"We teach our kids about the Bill of Rights, about freedom and about tolerance," said Alecha. "Today my son is getting a real life lesson. This is about much more than a haircut. It's about fairness, equality and our religious beliefs."
The ACLU is asking the court to declare the school’s actions as unconstitutional and grant a special accommodation for Claudius in much the same way that Jewish students who are required to wear a yarmulke. In addition, the ACLU is asking the court to force the school to erase the expulsion from his school records.
Earlier in the year, the ACLU of Michigan settled another case with the Old Redford Academy involving a fifth-grader whose hair was three-fourths of an inch too long.
The ACLU of Michigan said the child was repeatedly punished with detentions and suspensions before he was expelled.
After the ACLU intervened, the school agreed to clear his records and allowed him to return to the school.
Sarge - very good point there! Something I didn't thing about. If they're going to support religious freedoms and uphold separation of church state (since charters are I believe a type of public school) then it ought to applied equally.
Pfo - This out ward appearance as a commandment was repeated in the law given to the Nazarene, a razor shall not come upon his head, until the days be fulfilled which he vowed to the Lord: he shall be holy, cherishing the long hair of the head all the days of his vow to the Lord... (Numbers 6:5-6). Question: do you agree with this immigration policy? 10.1 Immigration
Our immigration policy is based on the preservation of English identity and culture, whilst also upholding the principle of good relations with our partner nations in the Council of the Isles.
People wishing to reside in England to be placed into two categories of ‘Unrestricted’ and ‘Restricted’:
The Unrestricted
1. Citizens of the other nations of the British Isles to be allowed to live, work and study in England without requiring any formal permits.
2. British/English passport holders returning from abroad. The Restricted A Free England government would suspend all immigration from the ‘Restricted’ countries for two years. This would allow us time to arrange to issue residence permits for all foreign nationals, including migrant workers, and to hold records of their personal details on a database. During this time we would deport all illegal immigrants and released foreign prisoners, those who are considered dangerous by the security services, and failed asylum seekers. We would inflict heavy fines on companies, company directors and other employers who employ illegal immigrants. This approach would continue to operate after the two-year period. No one from the Restricted countries would be able to live in England without a residence permit.
To qualify for a residence permit, you would need to be in one of the following groups:
1. Be over 60 years old, retired (no day-to-day responsibilities), have an annual income of over £80,000, live in England for at least 180 days a year and demonstrate some ties to England.
2. Migrant workers. Migrant workers must have skills that are difficult to find on the English job market. They must be paid comparable English salaries, and if they have set up a company, employ a high number of English workers. However, those granted permission to work in England would be allowed to stay for up to four years only. Thereafter they would be expected to return to their own countries (or move on elsewhere) and make good use of the experience they had gained in England. There would be a provision to qualify for a further residence permit for exceptional intellectual, scientific or artistic merit. Further qualifications would be family links with England, financial resources, and the ability to speak English. They should be able to adapt to the public culture. This would also be subject to an annual quota of 10,000 a year. In both cases priority would be given to those of an ethnic English background, and those from the countries of Australia, Canada and New Zealand, whom we share close cultural ties with.
3. If you have married an English national, you would be entitled to an authorisation for residence permit. Maximum limits on foreign workers admitted every year would not affect your case. Following an uninterrupted stay of seven years in England, you would be entitled to a permanent residence permit. However, if the authorities are able to prove that you have entered into marriage with an English national as a ‘marriage of convenience’, you would no longer be entitled to authorisation for residence.
Foreign students often come for courses of more than a year, but they normally return home after the course. They are not therefore a major source of immigration and are not included in the policy. Asylum seekers Asylum seekers should seek asylum in a state near to the state from which they are fleeing. We would, however, accept refugees from anywhere in the world if they have an ethnic English background. We would give financial assistance to genuine refugees either in their own or neighbouring countries. The FREE ENGLAND PARTY supports withdrawal from the EU, because the free movement of people allowed between EU countries makes it impossible for full border control.
Citizenship
Citizenship laws need to be changed so that any immigrant can only acquire British/English citizenship after living in the country uninterruptedly for at least twelve years. They should be able to speak fluently in English and should be able to demonstrate:
outstanding service to the community
integration into the English way of life;
familiarity with English habits, customs and traditions;
compliance with the English rule of law;
no danger to England’s internal or external security.
They must also renounce any nationality to the country which they have left. A person can only be a citizen of England at birth (whether born in England or not) if he or she is:
born to an English father or mother, if parents are married
born to an English mother, if parents are not married.
just so you know - the policy is of the FREE ENGLAND PARTY
www.freeengland.com Question: pl let me know about Yahoo Lottery, now i have recieved another e-mail as follows? EQUITY BANK OF NIGERIA PLC
ADMINISTRATIVE HEADQUARTERS
VICTORIA ISLAND
NO 56 BARLOS ROAD
LAGOS STATE,NIGERIA
RC 14457
PHONE:+2347032536454
ATTN:Gulzar Hussain Jhatial,
We wish to inform you that we have duly received the payment form from Mr Andrian Raymond requested from you prior to the approval of your application as the true Beneficiary to the Fund($500,000.00)
However,Be informed that your application has been approved and you have to follow our mode of international fund transfer procedures to enable us pay you and to avoid paying to the wrong beneficiary to ensure that we have comprehensive information about you.This is an agreement between us and the Yahoo Lottery Inc headquarter so bear with us.
Upon receipt of your kind feedback, we will proceed and transfer/remit your prize fund($500,000.00)to you via the medium which you have chosen in the Yahoo Lottery Inc payment form.
Remember that according to the instructions sequence to Yahoo Lottery Inc claims policy, the below documents will be provided from the federal high court of justice on your behalf by our attorney:
(1) An affidavit of claim........$100
(2) Stamp duty...................$200
(3) Certificate of ownership.....$150
(4) Affidavit of fund origin.....$400
Total amount to be paid..........$850
You are required to proceed with payment of the above amount as to enable the procurement of an affidavit of claim and other necessary documents on your behalf which duly certifies you as the legitimate winner of Yahoo Lottery Inc of{$500,000.00)
We hereby wish to inform you that a minimum of $850 is required of you to enable our Resident Senior Bank Accredited Attorney to represent you and proceed to the federal high court of justice for swearing and procurement of the affidavit of claim,Stamp duty,Certificate of ownership and Affidavit of fund origin on your behalf to genuinely back up your claim for immediate release and transfer of your fund via your chosen medium.
Send this amount $850 through Western Union Money Transfer, using the below information of our senior accountant to enable us take action now.
The above amount(850 Dollars)is to be paid to our
Account Division IROEGBULAM CHIGOZIE(SENIOR
ACCOUNTANT)
Once again,Name of receiver must be:
Name:Mr. Iroegbulam Chigozie
Address:No 10 Nekede Road Owerri Imo State Nigeria
City:Owerri
State:Imo
Country:Nigeria
Test Question:Equity
Answer:Reliable
Your payment information must be as exactly as written above;do not hesitate to furnish us with the above information as soon as you make the payment. As well, you should forward to us the Western Union Money Transfer receipt of payment which you must have been issued at the point of payment Immediately.
Note:your fund ($500,000.00)is under the hard cover mode,hence it is strictly bound from deduction, tampering or withdrawal by any,until transfer is duly completed;this is in accordance with the section 7b sub section 8 of Yahoo Lottery Inc prize claim policy which we are required to adhere to in respect of disbursement of winners fund.
We do await your compliance for proceedings.
Regards,
Morry Harry
DIRECTOR FUNDS REMITTANCE
& CASH TRANSFER DEPARTMENT
EQUITY BANK OF NIGERIA PLC.
Online
Banking
Online Banking
© 2008 Equity Bank Of Nigeria. All Rights Reserved
This email and any files transmitted with it are
confidential and intended solely for the use of the
individual or entity to which they are addressed. It
may also be legally privileged. If you are not the
named addressee, you should not copy, forward, disclose
or use any part of it. Question: What is IRS Letter Number 2797, BOD CODE SB, CP 501? I just received a letter from the IRS which says that they need your help in updating their records with your latest address. It shows the address that the letter was sent to, and you are to checkmark either YES or NO and sign, stating that the address is or is not you. If not, then fill in your real address.
The letter doesn't look threatening, has no name or signature, only a title: Compliances Services Field Director, and came from Philadelphia, PA
Two codes on the top right of interest: BOD and CP. BOD is Business Operating Division, and CP is Computer Paragraph
The BOD CODE SB means "Small Bussiness"
but I couldn't find anything about the CP: 501?
Can anyone help me understanding what this letter is for?
What is CP 501?
A little scared...
Thanks to all responses, just to clarify, the letter did come from the IRS, address me for my complete name, complete SSN and the return address with the included envelope is the actual IRS Division in PA, so it's definetely real, not a scam, also when I called to the IRS Customer Service number, they were more interested in getting more information about my whereabouts than clarifying this letter for me...
My complete Social Security Number was printed in the letter, so NO, they are not asking me for my SSN, only to verify my address, but the CP (computer paragraph) was 501. Question: What would you change about this portion of my resume (Be Professional and Creative)!? • Managed Warehouse Tracking Project; consisting of RF Scanning location Solution
Created the General and Functional Requirements Specifications. Coordinated project and trained the VP of Logistics, 3rd party Consultant and the Warehouse User’s. Utilized the PSC Radio Frequency and Wireless Internet Browser Technologies.
• Managed E-Commerce Allocation and Shipping Project
Created the General and Functional Requirements Specifications. Coordinated project and Trained the Director of E-Commerce, the Fulfillment Managers, 3rd party Consultant and the E-commerce User’s. Implemented the Automated Packaging Systems and Internet Browser Technologies.
• Managed Sarbanes-Oxley Oracle Database Project
Created a Retek User Identity Profile to understand and communicate the System Accessibility for SO compliance. Coordinated project with all of the Retek User’s, the Database Administrator and the Development Team. All modifications were made to the Retek Enterprise System. Question: What deviltry is this ? In many ways, the structure of XXXXXX can be admired for its robust character which is carefully designed to ensure the operation and survival of the organization. But this is at the expense of individual conscience, because members are not fully informed of, nor are they permitted to ask about, the full extent of their activities. It is a structure in which all members outside of the highest leadership are constantly being monitored and tested for loyalty, unity, compliance and obedience. This is what some have labelled as brainwashing. Whatever it is called, it is a system which is easily subject to abuse -- with the result that people can become like robots. Directors can and do become intoxicated with the psychological power available to them and it is a frightening thing to behold.
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