Hydraulic Engineer Career Guide and Counseling

Question: how to get basis of hydraulic engineering in industries? I want to know about hydraulic systems , how it is working, application of various types of valves and pumps .

Answer: search for Parker Hydraulics, Dynex, Nachi, Vickers,OilGear. Those are some big players in hydraulic fluid power. Also search for FPDA. Fluid powers distributors association. They offer training books, cd and testing.

Question: in hydraulic engineering, what is the demarcating line between shallow and deep channels? This is in context to water flowing in rivers, etc. I want to know beyond what depth, a channel can be said to be a deep channel. Please mention the source of your comments. .. I am still looking for the numerical value(if it exists), which may be based on some conditions... not the terminologies.. .Actually, my question arises out of some emperical formulae which are dependant on the channel depth. Some formulae are valid for shallow channel flow and some otherwise. I have got the answer finally... learnt it from a prof! It is actually dependent on whether a small disturbance at the fluid surface can travel all the way down to the channel bed. In that case, the channel is considered to be a shallow one. Otherwise, a deep one. Mathematically, it is a function of the wavelength of the disturbance and the channel depth(it's ratio, or something like that..). Thanks for pondering over the question, anyway!

Answer: *Some thing more that can add some thing to your knowledge. -Fr =Fraud number. -When Fr > 1, the flow is supercritical and inertial forces dominate. As a result, the channel velocity is high and the depth is low, with the flow described as rapid or shooting. Supercritical flow is generally associated with steeper slopes. Flow in a street gutter is often supercritical, due to the usual shallow depths of a few tenths of a ft (several cm) combined with a velocity of 1-2 ft/s (0.3-0.6 m/s). For Fr < 1, the flow is said to be subcritical, with gravitational forces dominant. Consequently, the flow has a relatively low velocity and high depth, and it may be described as calm or tranquil. This type of flow is generally associated with small channel slopes and is the most common type of flow in natural channels. However, a stream may have an average velocity of 10 ft/sec (3 m/s) and the flow would be subcritical if the hydraulic depth were 3.3 ft (1 m) or more. For Fr = 1, both the depth and the flow are said to be critical.

Question: Describe a hydraulic transmission, please, to this non-engineer?

Answer: Take two fans (the motorized kind that spin, not the hand held kind) and point them at each other. Leave one off. Turn the other one on. You will see that the one left off begins to spin, due to the air forced toward it by the one that is on. This is how power is transferred in a hydraulic transmission, only instead of air used as the working fluid, inside the transmission is a light oil. A mechanical transmission uses a clutch to transmit power, instead of a hydraulic drive.

Question: In Hydraulic engineering (OIL) what is a double acting & single acting cylinder? A cylinder is used for operations of any machine/process. It may be driven hydraulically or pneumatically. A hydraulic cylinder needs a hydraulic (oil) pump to deliver pressure equiped with relief valves, flow control valves etc.

Answer: IN SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER YOU USE ONLY ONE SOLENOID TO ACTIVATE THE CYLINDER.WHEN YOU REMOVE SUPPLY FROM THAT SOLENOID COIL, THE CYLINDER RETRACTS ITSELF BY SPRING ACTION. IN Double acting you use two coil & no spring in that.

Question: explain the components and the purpose of a hydraulic system in a F-22 Raptor? I'm researching on different hydraulic systems in different aircrafts and it will be helpful if an engineer out there could explain and give some sources about a hydraulic system in the f-22 raptor.Aircrafts usually have 4 to 5 systems for flight control and landing gear. At least 1 hydraulic system in the raptor would be fine.

Answer: OpSec says you don't need to know

Question: How to minimize hydraulic fluid leakage in a hydraulic vibration brake enough to avoid costly inspections? Studying hydraulic casing and piston performance at the graduate lab at Yale...a few nuclear power plant engineers have requested that something like this be invented to reduce inspection-failing costs. Why isn't this possible? It sounds simple enough.

Answer: After I take my course in Thermal Hydraulics and Reactor Safety, then I will tell you. There are a lot stresses in a reactor that are mechanical (vibrational,etc.,...), radiation, and thermal. So, there is a lot of wear in reactor components.

Question: Why does the aorta make a arch and why do many of its branches branch at right angles? My friend (a hydraulic engineer) asked me why the aorta makes an arch after branching out from the heart and why many of its branches branch at 90 degrees. He said branching at 90 degrees is very inefficient and so is the arching. Could it be due to resonance? Thanks in advance!!

Answer: I'd guess that the arching is to better induce/sustain an axial swirl to the flow via conservation of vorticity. There's a neat old film named "Vorticity" out of MIT that show an example of this. In the film, they show flow down a channel with a bend in it. They introduce some ink near the top and some ink near the bottom, and you see the ink proceed straight down the channel until it encounters the bend at which point some of the ink rushes to the outside of the channel while the other ink rushes to the inside of the channel (demonstrating that the bend introduced an axial swirl to the flow.) Once an axial flow is generated within the stream, 90 degree branches are best oriented to take advantage of the resulting centripetal acceleration. If the flow is steady, then the pressure at the head of the branch will remain relatively constant, making it a very reliable flow source.

Question: Is Land Surveyor considered engineer? Is Land Surveying considered a branch of engineering? This is the case in Greece where you get a diploma of Land Surveying from a University (5 years of study minimum). You also take lessons of Hydraulic Engineering, Highway Engineering, cadastre etc.) I was wondering what is the status of Land Surveying in your country (please tell us your country).

Answer: No. In India, you are qualified to appear for sections 1 and 2 of the AMIE examination conducted by the Institution of Engineers(India) with Civil engineering subjects. After passing, you will be considered to have a Civil engineering degree. But you will require experience for a specified number of years to be considered as an engineer. Anological rules are there for UK and most of other common wealth countries. Using Indian terms, instead of a diploma, if a degree is granted, then you will be treated as an engineer.

Question: For Hydraulic Engineers or Plumbers? Theoretical Question about water flow. Say I have 3/4 inch water lines in my house. I want to connect a new faucet 15 feet away from these lines. The faucet uses 1/2 inch lines. Does it matter where along that 15 feet that the transition from 3/4 inch to 1/2 inch is made? Will the amount of water output at the faucet change depending on where the transition is made?

Answer: Of course it matters! If you transition such that you have only 1 ft of 1/2 line and 14 ft of 3/4 inch line you will have a lower pressure loss than if you transition such that you have 14 ft of 1/2 inch and 1 ft of 3/4 inch. The notion that a smaller pipe diameter results in more pressure is backward.....if you want to get more people through a hallway...you make it bigger not smaller. Also...the hydraulic engineers calcs are wrong.

Question: i want a manual for Hecrass program that is a hydraulic programming? i am an civil engineer student and have a hydraulic poroject that need to use hec rass for it

Answer: First of all, it's spelled HEC-RAS. Then I guess if you look at the official documentation (see link below), you should be in good shape to get started. If you get stuck, I'm sure there's a professor in your college that can help you...